Epidemiological Features of Tuberculosis in the Republic of Mari El and the Russian Federation

Abstract

The research presents the analysis of the current epidemiological situation, connected with the epidemic process of
tuberculosis in the Republic of Mari El and the Russian Federation. This paper contains the information on the incidence,
age structure of patients with this infectious disease, the vaccination coverage of newborns with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin,
the form structure of the studied infectious disease, the existence of drug resistance, immunocompromised states [by the
example of HIV infection] among patients with tuberculosis, active forms in the phase of destruction, for the period 2012-
2017. The results, obtained in the course of this investigation indicate the relevance of study of this infectious disease,
taking into account the clinical, epidemiological and social features of given nosology. In this paper, we analyzed the data
of the state reports of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare
[Rospotrebnadzor] “On the state of sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population of the Russian Federation”,
the Administration of Rospotrebnadzor in the Republic of Mari El, “On the state of sanitary and epidemiological wellbeing of the population of the Republic of Mari El”, the forms of the federal state statistical observation No.8 “Information
about active tuberculosis”, No.33 “Information about patients with tuberculosis” and No.61 “Information about the
contingents of patients with HIV infection” for the period 2012-2017. In the present study, the methods of epidemiological
analysis and generally accepted methods of variation statistics were used. It was established, that there was a decrease in
the incidence of tuberculosis in the Russian Federation [in 2012 - 67.7; in 2017 - 48.09 per 100 thousand of the population,
respectively; trend -28.9%]and in the Republic of Mari El [in 2012 - 67.3; in 2017 - 50, 4 per 100 thousand of the
population, respectively; tendency - 60.8%]. The vaccination coverage with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin remained stable in
the Russian Federation during the period 2012-2017 [in 2012 - 96%; in 2017 - 95%]. So, for the analyzed period in the
Russian Federation and the Republic of Mari El there was a favorable sanitary and epidemiological situation for such a
socially significant infectious disease as tuberculosis